Can You Smoke Weed While Pregnant?
What is weed? Weed, also called pot, marijuana, or cannabis,
is a recreational drug that comes from the hemp plant. Parts of the
plant are dried and smoked in pipes or cigarettes (joints) or less
commonly eaten. It is an illegal substance in the United States, except
in some states that allow weed use by prescription for medical
purposes.
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Can you smoke weed while pregnant?
Weed contains about 400 different chemicals and some weed cigarettes
may contain other drugs or pesticides. It is very difficult to study the
effects of weed use during pregnancy because some women who use
marijuana may also use alcohol, tobacco, or other substances at the same
time. They may also have other factors that can increase pregnancy
complications, such as lack of prenatal care. In addition, accurate
information on the amount, frequency, and timing of marijuana use is not
usually available for study participants. These factors may help
explain why we see inconsistent findings in the studies that have been
published.
I am trying to become pregnant. Will weed use by myself or my partner lower my chance of becoming pregnant?
In
women, long-term use of marijuana may affect the menstrual cycle and
lead to a reduction in hormones involved in reproduction and fertility.
In men, an association with reduced sperm count has been documented.
These effects do not appear to totally prevent pregnancy, but may lower
the chances. The effects on fertility appear to be reversible when
marijuana is discontinued.
The
frequency of birth defects was not higher than expected in the babies
of 1246 women who reported smoking marijuana during pregnancy. However,
most of the women in the study smoked only "occasionally." While this
data is reassuring, in the absence of studies where women smoked more
heavily, it is best to avoid marijuana during pregnancy
Can marijuana harm the baby in any other way?
The
main active chemical in marijuana is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC), which is known to cross the placenta during pregnancy. This means
it gets into the baby's system, although how THC may impact a
developing baby is unclear. Some studies have suggested that for women
who smoke marijuana cigarettes regularly, there is an increased risk for
premature births and low birth weight, similar to what is seen with
cigarette smoking. Premature and low birthweight babies have higher
rates of infant deaths, learning problems or other disabilities.
If I smoke marijuana in the third trimester, can it cause my baby to go through withdrawal after birth?
Some
newborns exposed to marijuana have been reported to have temporary
withdrawal-like symptoms, such as increased tremors and crying.
Can my marijuana smoking affect the brain development of the baby?
Differences
in brain activity, behavior, and sleeping patterns of infants and
children exposed to marijuana in pregnancy have been reported in some
studies. It is believed that these children may have more problems with
attention, impulsive behavior, and academic performance. However, the
evidence is far from conclusive as many of the studies reportconflicting
results.
What happens if I use marijuana when I'm breast-feeding?
Marijuana
can be passed to infants through their mother's breast milk. Marijuana
may also affect the quality and quantity of breast milk. Although no
consistent effects have been noticed in infants exposed to marijuana
through breast milk, the National Institute of Drug Abuse advises that
breastfeeding mothers avoid the use of marijuana.

